Diabetes (Type 1 DM, Type 2 DM Monogenic Diabetes, long term complications)

What are the different types of diabetes?

here are several types of diabetes, each with its own characteristics and underlying causes. The main types of diabetes include:

Type 1 Diabetes:

Cause: It is an autoimmune condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.

Insulin Production: People with type 1 diabetes produce little to no insulin.

Onset: Often diagnosed in childhood or adolescence.

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Type 2 Diabetes:

Cause: Results from a combination of insulin resistance (where the body's cells do not respond effectively to insulin) and a relative insulin deficiency.

Insulin Production: Initially, the pancreas may produce more insulin, but over time, it may not be sufficient.

Onset: Typically develops in adulthood, but it can occur at any age.

Treatment: Managed through lifestyle changes, oral medications, and sometimes insulin.

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Gestational Diabetes:

Cause: Develops during pregnancy when the body cannot produce enough insulin to meet the increased needs, leading to elevated blood glucose levels.

Insulin Production: Varied, but the body's insulin resistance increases during pregnancy.

Onset: During pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth.

Treatment: Managed through diet, exercise, and sometimes medication.

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Monogenic Diabetes:

Cause: Caused by mutations in a single gene, affecting insulin production or how the body responds to insulin.

Insulin Production: Variable, depending on the specific genetic mutation.

Onset: Can occur at any age.

Treatment: Treatment may involve oral medications or insulin, depending on the specific genetic defect.

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Secondary Diabetes:

Cause: Caused by other medical conditions or certain medications that affect insulin production or utilization.

Insulin Production: Variable, depending on the underlying cause.

Onset: Can occur at any age, depending on the underlying condition.

Treatment: Management involves addressing the underlying cause.

Other Specific Types:

This category includes diabetes associated with specific genetic syndromes, diseases of the pancreas, and drug or chemical-induced diabetes.

Please click here to read more about Type 1 DM

Please click here to read more about Type 2 DM

Please click here to read more about long term complications of DM

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